STUDI KOMPARATIF TAFSIR KLASIK DAN KONTEMPORER : Pola Penggunaan Hadis Dalam Dua Periode Tafsir

Abstract

This article comparatively examines the patterns of hadith utilization in classical and contemporary Qur’anic exegesis by analyzing four representative works: Jāmi' al-Bayān by al-Ṭabarī, Tafsīr al-Qur'ān al-'Aẓīm by Ibn Kathīr, Tafsir al-Misbah by M. Quraish Shihab, and several modern thematic tafsir works. This study employs a qualitative research method with a library research approach. The analysis is conducted through a comparative method focusing on the characteristics, functions, authority, and position of hadith in the process of Qur’anic interpretation within each work. The findings reveal that classical tafsir places hadith as a binding and hierarchical source of transmitted authority (riwāyah), making it the primary reference for explaining the meanings of Qur’anic verses. In contrast, contemporary tafsir tends to employ hadith in a more selective, critical, and contextual manner by considering historical, social, and modern interpretive needs. These differences indicate a methodological transformation in Qur’anic exegesis that extends beyond the transmission of narrations toward efforts to understand the relevance of Qur’anic messages in contemporary contexts. This transformation reflects an epistemological shift from a transmission-oriented paradigm to an interpretive paradigm that integrates text, context, and social realities simultaneously.