The development of philosophy in the Islamic world during the Middle Ages was marked by the integration of Greek thought into the Islamic intellectual tradition. This thought was then developed by Muslim philosophers such as Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina. Howeve

Abstract

The development of philosophy in the Islamic world during the Middle Ages was marked by the integration of Greek thought into the Islamic intellectual tradition. This thought was then developed by Muslim philosophers such as Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina. However, this development also gave rise to criticism from Islamic theologians, particularly Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali. This article aims to analyze Al-Ghazali's criticism of philosophy as expressed in his work Tahafut al-Falasifa. This study uses a library research method with a textual analysis approach to Al-Ghazali's main works and secondary literature in the study of Islamic philosophy. The results show that Al-Ghazali criticized twenty philosophical doctrines and considered three of them as deviations from Islamic teachings: the concept of the eternity of nature, the view that God only knows universals, and the rejection of physical resurrection. This criticism is not only theological but also epistemological because Al-Ghazali emphasized the limitations of human reason in understanding metaphysical reality. This study shows that Al-Ghazali's thought had a significant influence on the development of Islamic theology and philosophy and sparked a long intellectual debate in the history of Islamic thought.