Dinamika Puisi Indonesia dari Masa ke Masa: Analisis Apresiasi dan Kritik Puisi Angkatan 1920-an hingga 2000-an

Abstract

This study discusses the dynamics of the development of Indonesian poetry from the 1920s to the 2000s through the study of literary appreciation and criticism. The purpose of this research is to describe the characteristics of poetry in each period of Indonesian literature and to explain the development of appreciation and criticism patterns in accordance with social, cultural, and technological changes. This research employs a library research method with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data were obtained from various literature sources, such as books, scientific journals, articles, and poetry works representing each literary generation. Data collection was carried out through documentation techniques, while data analysis used qualitative descriptive techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that each literary generation has different characteristics. The Balai Pustaka generation tended to follow traditional poetic rules and raised themes of customs and education, while the Pujangga Baru generation emphasized nationalism, romanticism, and idealism. The 1945 generation introduced freedom of expression, the spirit of struggle, and more straightforward language use. Furthermore, poetry from the 1966 to the 2000s generations became increasingly diverse through social criticism, language experimentation, and the use of digital media as a means of literary publication and appreciation. The development of poetry appreciation and criticism has also shifted from being limited to academics to becoming more open through mass media and digital platforms. Therefore, Indonesian poetry continues to develop following the dynamics of the times without losing its function as a medium of expression, reflection, and social criticism.