Perlindungan Hukum Pekerja Migran Indonesia : Tantangan dan Upaya Penegakan Hak Ketenagakerjaan

Authors

  • Sagita Br. Sinambela Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
  • Miranti Puspita Sari Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
  • Fadlan Alfathan Harahap Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
  • Alifsyah Hilman Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61722/jinu.v2i5.5220

Keywords:

Indonesian Migrant Workers, legal protection, labor rights, regulation, institutional reform.

Abstract

Indonesian migrant workers (PMI) play a strategic role in contributing to the nation's foreign exchange, yet they continue to face numerous violations of labor rights, including exploitation, discrimination, and limited access to legal protection. This study aims to examine the legal protection framework for PMIs, identify the key challenges in its implementation, and propose strategic efforts to strengthen labor rights protection.This research uses a qualitative method with a literature review approach, utilizing legal regulations, academic journals, and official institutional reports as primary data sources. The analysis is carried out descriptively and critically to evaluate the regulations, institutional roles, and dynamics of migrant worker protection both domestically and abroad.The findings indicate that the protection of PMIs remains weak due to limited enforcement of Law No. 18 of 2017, inadequate institutional capacity, and low legal literacy among workers. Moreover, coordination among relevant agencies remains suboptimal. This study recommends institutional reform, enhanced legal education for PMIs, and stronger diplomatic efforts to advocate for migrant workers' rights in destination countries.

References

Jurnal

Ariyanti, F. (2021). Problematika Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Negara Tujuan. Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan, 51(2), 217–234.

Dewi, N. P. R. S. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja Migran Indonesia dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal HAM, 11(1), 45–60.

Fitriani, L., & Yusuf, R. (2022). Sinergitas Antar-Lembaga Dalam Perlindungan TKI di Luar Negeri. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 15(1), 77–93.

Maulida, R. (2023). Strategi Peningkatan Perlindungan Hukum Pekerja Migran Indonesia Melalui Perjanjian Bilateral. Jurnal Hukum Internasional, 18(1), 33–50.

Rahmawati, I. (2022). Implementasi UU No. 18 Tahun 2017 dalam Penempatan dan Perlindungan PMI. Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, 19(2), 113–129.

Rohman, M. S. (2021). Evaluasi Peran Perwakilan Indonesia di Luar Negeri dalam Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia. Jurnal Kebijakan Publik, 15(3), 201–218.

Buku

Prasetyo, T. (2021). Hukum Perlindungan Pekerja Migran. Jakarta: Kencana.

Sutiyoso, Y. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Indonesia di Luar Negeri. Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing.

Dokumen Resmi & Laporan Lembaga

Badan Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia. (2023). Laporan Tahunan BP2MI 2022. Jakarta: BP2MI.

Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan RI. (2022). Data dan Statistik Penempatan PMI Tahun 2021. Jakarta: Kemnaker.

Kementerian Luar Negeri RI. (2021). Panduan Perlindungan WNI di Luar Negeri. Jakarta: Direktorat Perlindungan WNI dan BHI.

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 tentang Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia.

International Labour Organization. (2011). Convention No. 189 on Domestic Workers. Geneva: ILO.

International Organization for Migration. (2022). World Migration Report 2022. Geneva: IOM.

United Nations. (1990). International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. New York: United Nations.

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Published

2025-06-16