Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pihak Ketiga dalam Penggunaan Hak Tanggungan sebagai Jaminan

Abstract

Mortgage  rights  are  a  form  of  security  interest  that  provides  legal certainty  and preferential  rights  to  creditors  in  the  event  that  the  debtor  fails  to  fulfill  their  obligations. However, in practice, mortgage rights not only affect the parties involved in the agreement but may also impact third parties with interests in the secured object, such as buyers, tenants, or other  creditors.  Therefore,  effective  legal  protection  is  necessary  to  safeguard  third  parties from  potential  losses  resulting  from  the  execution  of  mortgage  rights.  This  study  aims  to analyze  the  forms  of  legal  protection  granted  to  third  parties  within  Indonesia's  mortgage rights system. The discussion covers the principle of publicity in mortgage rights registration, the  application  of  the  precautionary  principle  in  transactions,  and  the  role  of  notaries  inensuring transparency and validity of agreements. Additionally, this study examines  various court  decisions  related  to  disputes  between  mortgage  rights  holders  and  third  parties  to understand the legal protection patterns applied in practice. The findingsindicate that legal protection for third parties in the use of mortgage rights as collateral can be enhanced through increased transparency in mortgage rights registration, stricter enforcement of due diligence obligations  for  involved  parties,  and  the  optimization  of  the  notary's  role  in  ensuring  legal certainty. With improved protection mechanisms, third-party rights and interests can be better safeguarded, reducing the risk of disputes.