Pengaruh Durasi Perendaman Alkali terhadap Kekuatan Impact Komposit Woven Jute–Polyester sebagai Material Alternatif Armrest Cover dengan metode Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61722/jssr.v4i6.13178Keywords:
woven jute, perlakuan alkali, kekuatan impact, penyerapan air, VARTMAbstract
Komposit serat alam berpotensi menjadi material alternatif komponen interior kendaraan, tetapi serat jute bersifat hidrofilik sehingga kompatibilitasnya dengan matriks polyester terbatas. Perlakuan alkali NaOH digunakan untuk memodifikasi permukaan serat, namun pengaruh durasi perendaman pada komposit woven jute–polyester berbasis VARTM belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh durasi perendaman NaOH 5% (0, 1, 2, dan 3 jam) terhadap kekuatan impact dan penyerapan air komposit woven jute–polyester yang difabrikasi dengan metode Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM), serta mengevaluasi potensi awalnya sebagai material armrest cover. Kekuatan impact diuji dengan metode Izod mengacu pada ASTM D256 pada lima spesimen untuk setiap variasi dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Shapiro–Wilk, uji Levene, ANOVA satu arah, dan uji lanjut Bonferroni, sedangkan penyerapan air diuji mengacu pada ASTM D570 selama 24 jam dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Durasi perendaman berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kekuatan impact (F = 15,658; p < 0,001). Kekuatan impact rata-rata meningkat dari 4,89 kJ/m² pada kontrol menjadi 8,09 kJ/m² pada durasi 3 jam (naik 65,4%), tetapi durasi 3 jam tidak berbeda signifikan dari durasi 2 jam (p = 0,251). Penyerapan air rata-rata turun dari 4,74% menjadi 1,62%. Setiap variasi berasal dari satu panel, sehingga pengaruh durasi tidak sepenuhnya terpisah dari variasi antarpanel. Prototype armrest cover dibuat dengan durasi 3 jam sebagai visualisasi penerapan, dan kelayakan pada tingkat produk belum diuji.
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