Membatasi atau Melindungi? Dampak Pembatasan Usia TikTok terhadap Generasi Alpha (Studi Kasus pada Subjek BR-01)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61722/jaem.v3i2.10625Keywords:
Pembatasan Usia, TikTok, Generasi Alpha, Dampak Media Sosial, Pengendalian AksesAbstract
Penetrasi teknologi digital yang masif telah menempatkan TikTok sebagai platform media sosial yang sangat berpengaruh bagi Generasi Alpha. Meskipun platform ini menerapkan batasan usia minimal 13 tahun untuk menjaga keamanan data dan kesejahteraan mental, implementasi teknisnya masih menghadapi tantangan validasi yang serius. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kebijakan pembatasan usia di TikTok sebagai variabel pengendali sistem dalam memitigasi risiko digital serta meregulasi pola interaksi fungsional di kalangan Generasi Alpha. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus pada subjek BR-01. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi mendalam terhadap 3 orang narasumber terpilih asal Sidoarjo yang memenuhi kriteria tertentu. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme pembatasan usia di TikTok masih belum efektif karena mengandalkan metode self-declaration (deklarasi mandiri), sehingga memudahkan pengguna di bawah umur untuk memanipulasi data kelahiran (data spoofing) demi mendapatkan akses penuh. Tingginya intensitas penggunaan TikTok (berkisar antara 2 hingga lebih dari 7 jam per hari) yang dipicu oleh agresivitas algoritma berdampak pada ketergantungan digital, fenomena filter bubble, kecemasan digital, hingga efek FOMO (fear of missing out). Kendati demikian, jika digunakan secara bijak, platform ini juga memberikan dampak positif bagi kreativitas dan peluang ekonomi digital. Pembatasan usia tidak dapat hanya bergantung pada teknologi internal platform, melainkan membutuhkan sinkronisasi antara pembaruan infrastruktur yang etis, mediasi orang tua, pembimbingan proaktif dari sekolah, serta regulasi pemerintah yang lebih ketat guna menciptakan ekosistem digital yang aman bagi Generasi Alpha.
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