ANALISIS STRATEGIS DAN DAMPAK EKONOMI MULTINATIONAL COMPANY (MNC)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the international expansion strategies and economic impacts of Multinational Company (MNC) presence, with a case study on Toyota Motor Corporation. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method using a literature study and document analysis approach. Data were obtained from various secondary sources such as books, scientific journals, company reports, and the official website of Toyota Motor Corporation. The results show that Toyota conducts international expansion with three main motives: market-seeking, efficiency-seeking, and resource-seeking. Toyota's presence as an MNC provides positive impacts on host countries including job creation, technology transfer, increased state revenue, and the development of supporting industries. However, there are also negative impacts such as unfair competition against local companies, economic dependence on foreign investment, and potential environmental pollution. Toyota faces various global challenges including intense industry competition, technological shifts toward environmentally friendly vehicles, trade wars, and global supply chain disruptions. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of balanced government policies between attracting foreign investment and protecting local industries, as well as the need for continuous innovation from multinational companies to face global economic dynamics.